Institute of World Economics and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (1)

(__Social and economic history since the 16th century)

1. Keywords: modernization, Russia, social evolution.
R&D: Cycles and waves of modernization as the forms of social evolution. The main factors of socium undulating development are detected, the necessity of the analysis of modernization as an undulating process is proved, reforms - counter-reforms cycles in Russia as turns of the modernization process are analyzed..